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2009高考理科综合试卷及答案(陕西卷)

2009-07-24 来源:国家教育在线 点击数: 700 责任编辑: userek360

2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试理科综合能力测试及答案(陕西卷)...

2009年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
理科综合能力测试及答案(陕西卷)

一、选择题(本题共13小题。在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。)
1.下列关于人类遗传病的叙述,错误的是
A.单基因突变可以导致遗传病
B.染色体结构的改变可以导致遗传病
C.近亲婚配可增加隐性遗传病的发病风险
D.环境因素对多基因遗传病的发病无影响
答案D
【解析】人类遗传病是指由于遗传物质改变而引起的人类疾病,主要可以分为单基因遗传病、多基因遗传病和染色体异常遗传病。单基因突变可以遗传病,如镰刀型细胞贫血症;染色体结构改变可以导致遗传病,如猫叫综合征;近亲婚配可增加隐性遗传病的发病风险,因为近亲婚配的双方从共同祖先那里继承同一种致病基因的机会较非近亲婚配的大大增加,结果双方很可能都是同一种致病基因的携带者,这们后代隐性遗传病发病风险大大增加;多基因遗传病不仅表现出家庭聚集现象,还比较容易受环境因素的影响。因此,D错误。

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